| Kemerovo Oblast | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Кемеровская область (Russian) | |||
| — Oblast — | |||
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| Anthem: None | |||
| Coordinates: | |||
| Political status | |||
| Country | Russia | ||
| Federal district | Siberian[1] | ||
| Economic region | West Siberian[2] | ||
| Established | January 26, 1943[3] | ||
| Administrative center | Kemerovo | ||
| Government (as of August 2010) | |||
| - Governor[4] | Aman Tuleyev[5] | ||
| - Legislature | Council of People's Deputies[6] | ||
| Statistics | |||
| Area (as of the 2002 Census)[7] | |||
| - Total | 95,500 km2 (36,872.8 sq mi) | ||
| Area rank | 34th | ||
| Population (2010 Census)[8] | |||
| - Total | 2,763,481 | ||
| - Rank | 15th | ||
| - Density | 28.94 /km2 (75.0 /sq mi) | ||
| - Urban | 85.4% | ||
| - Rural | 14.6% | ||
| Population (2002 Census)[9] | |||
| - Total | 2,899,142 | ||
| - Rank | 14th | ||
| - Density | 30.36 /km2 (78.6 /sq mi) | ||
| - Urban | 86.7% | ||
| - Rural | 13.3% | ||
| Time zone(s) | OMSST (UTC+07:00)[10] | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | RU-KEM | ||
| License plates | 42 | ||
| Official languages | Russian[11] | ||
| http://www.ako.ru/ | |||
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, Kemerovskaya oblast), also known as Kuzbass (Кузба́сс) after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in southwestern Siberia, where the West Siberian Plain meets the South Siberian mountains. The oblast, which covers an area of 95,500 square kilometers (36,900 sq mi),[7] shares a border with Tomsk Oblast in the north, Krasnoyarsk Krai and the Republic of Khakassia in the east, the Altai Republic in the south, and Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai Krai in the west. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but Ukrainians, Tatars, and Chuvash also live in the oblast. Population: 2,763,481 (2010 Census preliminary results);[8] 2,899,142 (2002 Census);[9] 3,176,335 (1989 Census).[12]
The climate of the oblast is continental: winters are cold and long, summers are warm, but short. The average January temperature is -17...-20°C, the average in July is +17...+18 °C. Average annual precipitation ranges from 300 mm on the plains and the foothills of up to 1,000 mm or more in mountainous areas. The duration of the frost-free period lasts 100 days in the north area up to 120 days in the south of the Kuznetsk Basin.
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The oblast was established on January 26, 1943,[3] but it has considerably older antecedents. The oldest city in Kemerovo Oblast is Novokuznetsk, founded in 1618, soon after Cossack ataman Yermak's push into Siberia. Novokuznetsk is also the largest city in the oblast, exceeding even the administrative center, Kemerovo, in terms of size. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities.
Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most important industrial regions, with some of the world's largest deposits of coal. The south of the region is dominated by metallurgy and the mining industry, as well as mechanical engineering and chemical production. The Evraz Group and an ore subsidiary Evrazruda operate iron ore mining and processing facilities along with the Raspadskaya, Yuzhkuzbassugol, the Siberian holding company SIBPLAZ, coal and coking coal mines there. The northern area of the region is more agricultural. The region has a dense railway network, including the Trans-Siberian Railway, which passes through the oblast. Prokopevsk, Kiselevsk, and Andzhero-Sudzhensk are coal-producing centers, and Novokuznetsk is the center of the engineering industry.
Individual farms occupy 113,000 hectares of land. The largest crops are vegetables and potatoes, and meat and dairy products are also important. Cattle and pig farming, beekeeping, and fur farming are expanding. Wheat, barley, and oat cultivation predominates in the northern part of the region.[13]
A network of cultural and arts institutions, including 783 libraries, 826 clubs, 3 exhibition halls, 35 museums, 137 children's music and art schools, 18 parks of culture and rest, 5 mid-level special educational institutions, and 10 theater performance schools have been established for the public.
There are more than 1,500 historical and cultural monuments in Kemerovo Region, 27 of which are of federal significance (14 archeological, 6 historical, 5 architectural, and 2 artistic monuments). The most unusual of these is the Tomsk Trivia (Tomskaya pisanitsa) monument in the village of Pisanaya, Yashkinsky District, which is considered an especially valuable site of the Russian Federation. The most important monuments of the Kuzbass include the 18th- and 19th-century historical and architectural museum at Kuznetsk Fortress in Novokuznetsk, a group of monuments and historic sites on the former Siberian Highway (Moscow-Irkutsk), and the Shestakovsky historical and cultural complex of archeological monuments and paleontological sites in Chebulinsky District.[13]
A minor planet 2140 Kemerovo discovered in 1970 by Soviet astronomer Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova is named after Kemerovo Oblast.[14]
Ethnic Composition (2010)[15]:
Russians - 93.7%, Tatars - 1.5%, Ukrainians - 0.8%, Germans - 0.9%, Others - 1.5%
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